Fireproof composition



UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN CHARLES EMHARDT, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, ASSIGNOR TO E. I. nu PONT DE N'EMO'URS & COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELA- Patented Feb. 3, 1920.

WARE.

- FIREPROOF COMPOSITION.

1 329 3 Specification of Letters Patent. I No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN CHARLES EM- :HARDT of Wilmington, in the county of New astle, and in the State of Delaware,

have invented a certain new and useful Im- I I positions containing nitrocellulose and tirecompositions of will effectively withstand ignition under the conditions to which they are subjected in ac- \tions,

proofing constituents. A

The object of my invention is to provide the above character which tual practice. a A'further'object is to provide composi- -tions. f.this'character which are especially applicablefor use in coating airplanes.

aiticularly the object of my invention toLflprovide compositions of this nature which will prevent-ignition of the, airplane l beneath coatingsof such composias' forexamplewhen gasolene or other inflammable liquids are dropped upon the came surfaces and ignited thereon. That is toffsay the object of my invention is to provide such coating compositions which will protect the airplanes coated thereby w from ignition by a larger quantity of burnfaces co v tionswould withstand.

IlZlODSOf this-nature whichare. waterproof,

mg gasolene on the coated surfaces than sur;

ted with previous coating composii V A fiurtherbbject is to provide composihave alowgresistance to the .air and which provide the necessary strength and shrink age after application but without danger of cracking in use.

Still another provide fireproof substances for use in comr" positions of this character which will giv ofl gases, as for example ammonia or water, as in the case of water of crystallization, or water of constitution, under the influence of heat, so as to form a protective blanket thereby to retard combustion and prevent the. spread of fire.

Anothero bject is to provide fire )roofing substances of this kind which provi e a liquid blanket or absorb heat due to physical or chemical changes therein when heated.

A further object is to utilize substances of I AsO .6H O.

. tlcilis purpose, if desired orlothersaltsiadapt v e to % .by weight pyroxy Application filed February 25, 1918. Serial No. 219,038.

this character which have'a low solubility in water. lk'

Further objects of my invention willap '1 pear from the detailed description thereof contained hereinafter.

\Vhile my invention is capable of being carried' out in many diiferent ways, for the purpose of illustration I shalldescribe only certain forms of my invention hereinafter.

For example, I may use one of many different fire-proofing constituents for the nitrocellulose compositions of the kind heremabove referred to, but among those which I prefer for this purpose are:

Ammonium magnesium phosphate, NH MgPO'fiI-L'O, Ammonium phosphate, H NH PO',.' Q. 7

Ammonium magnesium arsenate, MgNI-L- Ammonium manganese phosphate .NH MnPo.;H.o, ,1

Ammonium manganese arsenate,

Other ammonium salts maybe usedifor give oil such protective gasesor 111' llldS. v A coating composition which'maylbe n accordance with m invention and'which IS a homogeneous mixture particularly adapted for coating the cloth covering air: planes, may be the folloviing: r m,

7% by weight ammonium magnesium phosphate, 56% by weight acetone.) 30% by weight amyl acetate. Again, as a'lacquer,'I may use lowing composition: j

5% by weight pyroxylin,- 7

I 5% by weight ammonium magnesium f phosphate,

5% by weight of a resin, such as shellac, copal, etc.,

. 1" eight acetone,

30% by weight amyl acetate.

The proportions in the above composition may be varied within wide limits. For example, the pyroxyliu may vary from 5 to 10% However, I prefer to use equal parts of pyroxylin and ammonium magnesium phosphate. The latter is insoluble in water and when heated gives off ammonia and water of crystallization and water of constitution. The ammonia and water of crysthe 61:

' tioned diluents.

ofl' other protective gases than ammonia,

, Y ent adapted to give I :in sufficient quantity fire-retarder.

tallization and constitution provide smothering gases. The liberation of the water of crystallization and constitution absorbs heat and the vaporization of the water thus liberated results also in the absorption of heat.

Any further additional constituents of any desired character may be added, if desired, to the above compositions. Various solvent mixtures may be used, as for example, solvents including ethyl acetate, methyl acetate and et as t e solvent constituents, and ben'zol, toluol, and benzin as diluents. For example, I may add thereto 30% by weight of any of the above men- Also I may add any proportion of'pigments, and oils as in the following example:

6% by weight pyroxylin,

by Weight color pigment, for example, zinc oxid,

6% by weight ammonium magnesium phosphate,

1% by weight castor oil,

56%% by wei ht acetone,

30% by'weig t amyl acetate.

' In order to provide compositions giving may. substitute for the ammonium com- ...pounds. .in the above compositions magnesium carbonate or calcium carbonate which --give ofi' carbon dioxid under the influence of heat. phate, j not only. gives ofi ammonia and water of constitution, but provides a liquid blanket .of phosphoric acid which retards the fire.

Furthermore, ammonium phoswhich is above referred to, when used,

While I have described my invention above in detail, I wish it to be understoodthat many changes without departlng may be made therein from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1.'A composition comprising a homogeneous mixture containing a combustible coating material and a fire-retardin constituoff a fire-smot ering gas to act effectively as a' 2. A composition comprising a homogeneous mixture containing pyroxylm and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give ofi' a fire-smothering gas in sufiicient quantitv to act effectively as a fire-retarder.

3. A composition comprising a homogeneous mixture containing a combustible'coating material and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give off a fire-smothering gas containing ammonia.

A. A composition comprising a homogeneous mixture containing pyroxylin and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give ofi a fire-smothering gas containing ammonia.

5. A composition containing a combustible coating material and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give ofi' a fire-smothering gas containing water vapor in sufiicient quantity to act effectively as a fireretarder.

6. A composition containing pyroxylin and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give off a fire-smothering gas containing water vapor in suiiicientquantity to act effectively as a fire-retarder.

7. A composition containing a combustible coating material and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give off water of crystallization in sufficient quantity to act effectively as a fire-retarder.

8. A composition containing pyroxylin and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give off water of crystallization in suflicient q11atit V to act effectively as a fire-retarder.

9. A composition comprising a homogeneous mixture containing a combustible coating material and a fire-retarding constituent. adapted to absorb heat, due to the chemical change therein when heated, said constituent being present in suflicient quantity to act effectively as a fire-retarder.

heat due to the chemical change therein when heated, said constituent being present in suflicient quantity to act effectively as a fire-retarder. f

11. A composition containing a combustible coating material and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to absorb heat due to the chemical change therein when heated, said constituent being present in sufficient quantity to act effectively as a fire-retarder.

12. A composition containing pyroxylin and a fire-retardino' constituent adapted to absorb heat due to the chemical change therein when heated, said constituent being present in suflicient quantity to act efi'ectively as a fire-retarder.

13. A composition containing a combustible coating material and ammonium magnesium phosphate.

1a. A composition containing pyroxylin and ammonium magnesium phosphate.

15. A composition containing a combustible coating material, an oil, a pigment, and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give off a fire-smothering gas.

16. A composition containing pyroxylin,

an oil, a pigment. and a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give ofi a fire-smothering gas in sufficient quantity to act effectively as a fire retardcr. 17. A composition containing a combustible coating material and a water-insoluble. fire-retarding constituent adapted to give off a fire-smothering gas in sufficient quantitv to act efi'ectively as a fire-retarder.

18. A composition containing a combustiwe. COMPUsmuNs, v a 1 comma OR PLAsnc.

hie coating material and a water-insoluble, ing present in sufiicient quantity to act effire-retarding constituent adapted to give ofi' a fire-smothermg gas containing animoma.

19. A composition containing a combusti-' ble coating material and a water-insoluble, fire-retardlng constituent adapted to give off water of crystallization, said constituent befectively as a fire-retarder. 10

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN CHAR-LES EMHARDT. Witnesses:

STANLEY L. ABRAMs, G. D. HOPKINS. 

